Prognostic and diagnostic value of PVR gene and protein levels, serum amylase, and urinary IGFBP-7 and TIMP-2 biomarkers in multiple myeloma

Table 9 ROC Analysis of combined biomarker panels for multiple myeloma diagnosis

Biomarker Combination	AUC (95% CI)	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)
PVR + Amylase	0.95 (0.91–0.99)	88	85
PVR + IGFBP-7	0.93 (0.88–0.98)	85	82
PVR + Amylase + IGFBP-7	0.97 (0.94–1.00)	90	88

AUC Area Under the Curve. Combined biomarker models were constructed using binary logistic regression. ROC curve analysis was used to assess diagnostic performance. Sensitivity and specificity values reflect optimal cut-off points determined by the Youden index

ISSN: 1471-2407