Table 2 Summary characteristics of included studies

ABE M, et al. [9]

2018

Japan

1729 (case: 433

control: 1296)

M: 1498 F: 231

60 years

DII stage & case/control: 1(−4.31 – − 1.03) 78/328, 2(− 1.03 – −0.11) 114/323, 3 (0.11–0.57) 110/321,

4(0.57–2.02)

131/324

NA

NA

NA

NA

1282

Higher DII is associated with developing EC.

ACCARDI G, et al. [10]

2019

Italy

1047 (case: 304

control: 743)

M: 90.5% of cases & 79.8% of controls

60 years

DII Cases: −0.501

controls: - 0.999

p=0.003

24 years

NA

NA

NA

NA (but present in subgroups)

Higher DII scores in elderly

than in middle-aged

individuals.

SHIVAPPA N, et al. [11]

2017

USA

480 (case: 224

control: 256)

M: 189 of cases

64.3 years

DII Mean: 1.7 SD:

1.7 p<0.001

NA

NA

Mean: 28.6 SD: 4.9 p=0.001

Mean: 10.7 SD: 2.6 p<0.001

Mean: 20.6 SD:

14.1 p=0.01

High E-DII scores were

associated with borderline increase in odds of

esophageal adenocarcinoma (OR 2·29; 95 % CI 1·32,

3·96).

TANG L, et al. [12]

2018

China

639 (case: 359

control: 380)

M: 529 F: 110

61 years

DII Cases: −0.35

controls: −1.41

1 year

NA

24.1

Case;control

None/primary:

183;136 secondary:

140;191 tertiary: 36;53

Case;control

166;193

higher DII scores were

associated with esophageal cancer risk (ORQuartile 4 v. 1 2·55; 95 % CI 1·61, 4·06;

Ptrend < 0·001)

CHANG L, et al. [13]

2022

China

67

M: 67 F: 2

60 years

NA

NA

The 1-year OS rates of patients in the low and high CONUT groups

were 76.19% and

51.85%.

21.87

NA

46

The CONUT score and SII, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte

ratio were an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (P<0.05).

Furthermore, among patients treated with ICI, a high

CONUT score was

associated with a significantly worse pro-gression-free

survival (PFS) and overall

survival compared with a low CONUT group.

JANG J, et al. [14]

2023

China

160

M: 122 F: 38

Median of 70 years

Median SII: 1036.6

Median survival time

was 12 months (range

from 8 to 35 months) in the high group and 25

months (range from 21 to 36 months) in the low group

NA

NA

NA

Combination analysis

observed that SIIlow +

TILhigh had the best

prognosis of all

combinations, with a median OS and PFS of 36 and 22

months, respectively. The worst prognosis was

identified as SIIhigh + TILIow, with a median OS and PFS of only 8 and 4 months.

JIANG Z, et al. [15]

2021

China

121

M: 91 F: 30 of both groups

EOF 63.37 ± 7.49 LOF 63.74 ± 7.22

(CRP, 47.58 ± 25.72 VS 60.87 ± 30.26, p = 0.01; IL-6, 19.34 ± 12.67 VS 26.19 ± 10.73, p = 0.002)

and POD 30 (CRP, 6.13 ± 13.25 VS

13.57 ± 18.96,

p=0.013; IL-6,

5.86±6.34 VS

10.35±5.82,

p=0.0001)

NA

NA

EOF 22.69 ±2.1

LOF 23.12 ± 2.61

NA

EOF 41, LOF 31

The postoperative nutritional index (ALB, PA, TRF, Hb) and immune index (IgA, IgG, IgM) of the EOF group were higher than those of the LOF group

(p < 0.05), and the

inflammatory indicators (CRP, IL-6) of the EOF group were

significantly lower than those of the LOF group (p < 0.05).

Moreover, postoperative T12- SMA variation and QLQ-C30 scores of the EOF group were higher than those in LOF

group (p < 0.05).

HUANG Y, et al. [16]

2015

China

327

M: 276 F: 41

59.3 ± 7.8 years

CRP (mean ± SD, mg/L) 9.1±14.9

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.645 for CRP.

HUANG C, et al. [17]

2023

China

166

M: 117 F: 49

Median of 70 years

SIS=0: 79 SIS=1:71 SIS=2: 16 SIS(HR 95% CI

1.58(1.21–2.08))

NA

OS of SIS = 0, SIS = 1 and SIS = 2 was 28.0 ± 2.9, 16.0 ± 2.8 and 10.0 ± 7.0 months.

Median of 18.5

NA

NA

The AUCs of NLR, PLR and SII were significantly lower than the AUC of SIS,

meaning that SIS showed

superior accuracy compared

with other systemic

inflammation indexes (Alb, LMR, NLR, PLR, and SII) for the prediction of OS in our study.

CHANG L, et al. [18]

2023

China

62

All male

Median of 60 years

SII of median

598.06 [74.60–

3,883.44]

NA

66.13%

Median of 22.61

NA

40

There were no

statistically significant

diferences between the high and low

CONUT score groups in

terms of age, performance status

(PS), smoking history, alcohol

consumption history, BMI,

primary tumor site, previous treatment history, pre-RT SII value, and tumor stage

(P>0.05).

XU Z, et al. [19]

2023

China

581

M: 410 F: 171

Median of 65 years

NLR: 2 LMR: 3

PLR: 160

Until 2021

5-year OS was 0.629 (95% CI: 0.578–0.676

NA

NA

NA

The results demonstrated

markedly better

discrimination ability of the

nomogram model in terms of C-index.

DONG J, et al. [20]

2023

USA

3967

M: 1993 F: 1974

T1: 54.86 ± 7.77

T2: 56.37 ± 7.94

T3: 56.24 ± 7.84

DII T1: (−3.694–1.994) T2: (1.995–2.944) T3: (2.945–5.474)

2 years

NA

Over 170000 under 23.9

Primary school and

lower: T1 794, T2 920, T3 935. Junior school: T1 462, T2 372, T3

339. High school and above: T1 66, T2 31, T3 48.

1479

positive though non-

significant association

between DII scores and

ESCC.

LI S, et al. [21]

2022

China

1064 (Case: 532

Control p: 532)

M: 373 F: 159 of

cases

60 years

DII case 3.05

[2.25;3.89] control 2.38 [1.50;3.43]

NA

NA

NA

Illiteracy/Primary

school 332, Junior

high school/above 200 of controls.

300

Higher DII in cases