Table 2 Studies on work or school performance and financial distress
From: Psychosocial challenges among Asian adolescents and young adults with cancer: a scoping review
Author, year | Country | Study design | N | Control group (n) | Age at dx range in years | Age at study mean ± SD (range) in years | Follow up time | Treatment (%) | Outcomes | Assessments | Main results |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Quantitative studies | |||||||||||
Chan, et al. [39], 2018 | Singapore | Prospective, longitudinal cohort | 65 | NA | 15–39 | 27.8 ± 6.7 | ‧ At diagnosis (T1) ‧ 1 month (T2) ‧ 6 months (T3) | NR | ‧ Financial and insurance issues ‧ Work and school stress | The NCCN Distress Thermometer | ‧ Distress about financial and insurance problems (46.2% at T1, 23.1% at T2, 23.1% at T3) ‧ Work and school issues (38.5% at T1, 18.5% at T2, 21.6% at T3) |
Fujii, et al. [40], 2019 | Japan | Cross-sectional | 28 | Childhood cancer survivors (22) | 15–29 | NR | Overall mean follow-up: 6 years | ‧ Surgery (NR) ‧ Chemotherapy (NR) ‧ Radiation (NR) | Socio-occupational outcomes | Simplified socio-occupational disability scoring system using the PCQL- 32 and MMQL-YF | ‧ Drop-out or delays in high school or college (50%, overall cohort) ‧ Unemployed or difficulties in searching for a job (56%, overall cohort) ‧ No significant difference in socio-occupational problems between AYA and childhood cancer survivors |
Endo, et al. [43], 2020 | Japan | Cross-sectional | 60 | ‧ Age 40–49 years (167) ‧ Age 50–59 years (298) ‧ Age > = 60 years (225) | 20–39 | NR | NA | NR | Resignation after cancer diagnosis | Online structured questionnaire | ‧ Resignation rate (20%) in AYA survivors; not significantly different from other age groups |
Hamzah, et al. [44], 2020 | Malaysia | Cross-sectional | 400 | NA | NR | 29.1 ± 7.2 (18–40) | NA | NR | ‧ Quality of working life ‧ Career engagement | ‧ QWLQ-CS ‧ Career engagement scale | ‧ Career engagement associated with quality of work life ‧ Effect of cancer and treatment mediated the association between quality of work life and career engagement |
Okamura, et al. [45], 2021 | Japan | Cross-sectional | 206 | NA | NR (< 39) | 33.7 ± 4.3 (16–39) | NA | Chemotherapy (43.7) | ‧ Change in work and school | ‧ SCNS-SF34 ‧ MSPSS | ‧ Decreased work/study hours (9.7%), absence from work/school (24.3%), left work/school (28.1%), changed jobs/schools (10.7%), dismissed from work (1.0%) ‧ Decreased income status (41.7%), increased income status (8.3%) ‧ Change in work/school after diagnosis associated with total supportive needs, physical/daily living needs, and psychological needs |
Tan, et al. [46], 2023 | Singapore | Cross-sectional | 29 | Healthy siblings (23) | 15–39 | 26.6 ± 5.1 | NA | ‧ Chemotherapy (86.2) ‧ Surgery (48.3) ‧ Radiation (27.6) Immunotherapy (3.4) | ‧ Employment status ‧ Work changes ‧ Absenteeism and presenteeism at work | ‧ Structured questionnaire | ‧ Fully employed (78.9%) ‧ Work reallocation (6.7%) ‧ Absenteeism within past 3 months (73.3%) ‧ Decreased work ability (40.1%) ‧ Median productivity loss due to absenteeism in the past 3 months: USD 110 |
Qualitative studies | |||||||||||
Ke, et al. [48], 2020 | Singapore | Qualitative interview | 23 | NA | 16–39 | 25 (18–39) | NA | NR | Employment support | Focus group discussions | ‧ Deemed cancer history as “disadvantageous” in job search process ‧ Highlighted the need for to ensure fair hiring practices for cancer survivors, and to assist survivors in their job search |
Tan, et al. [49], 2020 | Singapore | Qualitative interview | 23 | NA | 16–39 | NA | ‧ Chemotherapy (91.3) ‧ Radiation (30.4) ‧ Surgery (56.5) | ‧ Problems with returning to work ‧ Financial issues | Focus group discussions | ‧ Majority of AYA survivors expressed eagerness to return to work ‧ Highlighted challenges due to cancer complications, work restrictions, and inadequate insurance coverage | |