Table 1 Definitions of severe drainage-related complications
Complication | Criteria |
|---|---|
Cholangitis | Elevation in temperature ≥ 38,5 °C and Leukocytes ≥ 10 *109/L, thought to have a biliary cause and requiring invasive intervention, without concomitant evidence of acute cholecystitis. |
Acute cholecystitis | Radiologic evidence of cholecystitis, elevation in temperature more than 38.5 °C and Leukocytes ≥ 10 *109/L, requiring emergency cholecystectomy or percutaneous drainage. |
Persistent jaundice | Persistent elevated bilirubin levels after primary technically and clinically successful drainage had initially been obtained, without signs of cholangitis or cholecystitis, requiring a reintervention. |
Acute pancreatitis | Two or more of the following criteria be met for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis: abdominal pain suggestive of pancreatitis, serum amylase or lipase level greater than three times the upper normal value, or characteristic imaging findings. |
Biliary leak | Symptomatic intra-abdominal bile leakage due to bile duct perforation or leakage from the puncture tract documented by any radiographic technique requiring intervention. |
Haemorrhage | Clinical evidence of bleeding requiring blood transfusion or reintervention. |