Fig. 2

Association between USP39 expression and cancer-related pathways. (A) GSEA analysis between the low and high USP39 expression patient groups across various cancer types. Normalized Enrichment Scores (NES) were utilized to evaluate pathway activation status. NES > 0 indicated by orange and red coloring, represented pathways or gene sets that were activated in the high USP39 expression group. Conversely, NES < 0 depicted in light and dark gray, denoted pathways or gene sets that were suppressed in the high USP39 expression group. (B) The distribution of USP39’s activation and inhibition effects on target pathways in tumor tissues was evaluated. When USP39 contributes to pathway activation, it is represented by “A”; when it contributes to inhibition, it is represented by “I”. The final results (displayed as numerical values on rectangular color-coded boxes, with larger values corresponding to redder colors) show the proportion of USP39’s impact on target pathways across all tumor tissues. For example, the number 47 indicates that in the 32 cancer types currently analyzed, USP39 exhibits an activation effect on the cell cycle in 47% of the cancers. (C–E) GSEA analysis between high and low USP39 expression groups in PAAD about cell cycle related pathway. (F) Comparison of proliferation and wound healing pathway activities between USP39 high- and low-expression groups in PAAD based on CAMOIP database analysis