Fig. 3

Effect of PD-L1 AAV particles on mouse survival and tumor dissemination. Schematic presentation of the intraperitoneal injection of PD-L1-AAV particles given on days 3, 10, 17, 24, 31, 38, 45, 52, and 59 (9 times, repeated every week) in a mouse ovarian cancer peritoneal dissemination model on survival in vivo (A). Tumor progression (B). (C) Kaplan–Meier curves and the log-rank test in an overall survival analysis of PD-L1-AAV and control AAV particles (each group, n = 8). * p < 0.05. (D) Photographs of the extent of peritoneal dissemination 74 days after the injection of PD-L1-AAV and control AAV particles. Yellow arrowheads indicate disseminated tumors on the peritoneum and omentum. Representative results from eight independent mice in each group are shown. (E) Intraperitoneal tumor weights 74 days after the injection of PD-L1-AAV and control AAV particles. All values are presented as mean ± SE (n = 8). Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired Student’s t-test. ** p < 0.01