Fig. 4

The correlation between the prognostic risk signature and clinicopathological characteristics in the TCGA_LUAD cohort. A-E Comparison of the risk score across different subgroups stratified by clinicopathological characteristics, including age (A), gender (B), pathological stage (C), T stage (D), and N stage (E). F-J Kaplan-Meier curves depicting the probability of OS stratified by the same clinicopathological characteristics: age (F), gender (G), pathological stage (H), T stage (I), and N stage (J). K, L Cox regression analyses for univariate (K) and multivariate (L) models, incorporating age, gender, pathological stage, T stage, N stage, and risk score as factors. OS, overall survival; T, tumor size; N, lymph node metastasis; ns, no significance. Statistical significance is indicated as * P < 0.05 and *** P < 0.001