Table 1 Comparison of general data and ultrasound characteristics of benign and malignant thyroid nodules in training set and test set
From: Thyroid nodule classification in ultrasound imaging using deep transfer learning
Characteristics | All (n = 1134) | Training sample (n = 907) | Validation sample (n = 227) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age(y) + | 52.19 ± 13.298 | 52.19 ± 13.385 | 52.18 ± 12.97 | 0.445 |
Max Size (mm) | 14.03 ± 14.447 | 14.029 ± 14.482 | 14.01 ± 14.337 | 0.851 |
Sex | 0.173 | |||
Female | 424(0.374) | 348 (0.384) | 76(0.335) | |
Male | 710(0.626) | 559(0.616) | 151(0.665) | |
Position | 0.869 | |||
Left thyroid | 522(0.46) | 419(0.462) | 103(0.454) | |
Right thyroid | 550(0.485) | 440(0.485) | 110(0.485) | |
Thyroid isthmus | 62(0.055) | 48(0.053) | 14(0.061) | |
Composition | 0.423 | |||
Cystic or almost completely cystic | 34(0.03) | 23(0.025) | 11(0.048) | |
Spongiform | 15(0.013) | 13(0.014) | 2(0.009) | |
Mixed cystic and solid | 126(0.111) | 104(0.115) | 22(0.097) | |
Almost completely solid | 103(0.091) | 83(0.092) | 20(0.088) | |
Solid | 856(0.755) | 684(0.754) | 172(0.758) | |
Echogenicity | 0.024* | |||
Anechoic | 63(0.056) | 44(0.049) | 19(0.084) | |
Hyperechoic or isoechoic | 130(0.115) | 109(0.12) | 21(0.093) | |
Hypoechoic | 893(0.787) | 710(0.782) | 183(0.805) | |
Very hypoechoic | 48(0.042) | 44(0.049) | 4(0.018) | |
Shape | 0.099 | |||
Wider-than-tall | 783(0.69) | 616(0.679) | 167(0.736) | |
Taller-than-wide | 351(0.31) | 291(0.321) | 60(0.264) | |
Margin | 0.183 | |||
Smooth | 901(0.795) | 722(0.796) | 179(0.789) | |
Ill-defined | 107(0.094) | 85(0.094) | 22 (0.097) | |
Lobulated or irregular | 106(0.093) | 88(0.097) | 18(0.079) | |
Extra-thyroidal extension | 20(0.018) | 12(0.013) | 8(0.035) | |
Echogenic Foci | 0.173 | |||
None | 875(0.772) | 686(0.756) | 189(0.833) | |
Comet-tail artifacts | 6(0.005) | 5(0.006) | 1(0.004) | |
Macrocal cifications | 81(0.071) | 69(0.076) | 12(0.053) | |
Peripheral calcifications | 53(0.047) | 45(0.05) | 8(0.035) | |
Punctate echogenic foci | 119(0.105) | 102(0.112) | 17(0.075) | |
C TI-RADS risk Level | 0.579 | |||
TR2 | 20(0.018) | 14(0.015) | 6(0.026) | |
TR3 | 219(0.193) | 172(0.19) | 47(0.207) | |
TR4A | 330(0.291) | 260(0.287) | 70(0.308) | |
TR4B | 379(0.334) | 305(0.336) | 74(0.327) | |
TR4C | 177(0.156) | 148(0.163) | 29(0.128) | |
TR5 | 9(0.008) | 8(0.009) | 1(0.004) |