Table 4 Differences in body mass index according to nutrition-related characteristics of the cancer survivors (N = 4,553,669)
Variables | Categories | Total | Body mass index | 95% CI | x2 or t | p | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Underweight | Normal | Overweight | Obese | |||||||
N (%) or M ± SD | N (%) or M ± SD | N (%) or M ± SD | N (%) or M ± SD | N (%) or M ± SD | Lower | Upper | ||||
Diet | Yes | 1,448,012 (28.7) | 58,078 (5.1) | 505,792 (35.3) | 405,864 (26.6) | 478,278 (33.0) | 951,822 | 1,544,036 | 0.10 | 0.973 |
| Â | No | 3,105,657 (71.3) | 136,778 (4.8) | 1,129,296 (35.7) | 843,561 (27.4) | 996,022 (32.1) | 2,544,816 | 3,169,498 | Â | Â |
Dietary supplements | Yes | 2,841,113 (62.4) | 116,785 (4.1) | 1,072,249 (37.7) | 751,761 (26.5) | 900,318 (31.7) | 2,171,066 | 3,049,157 | 2.42 | 0.312 |
| Â | No | 1,612,556 (37.6) | 77,569 (5.1) | 557,148 (32.2) | 479,857 (29.9) | 497,982 (32.8) | 1,328,981 | 1,690,843 | Â | Â |
Nutrition education | Yes | 767,906 (5.8) | 18,448 (2.4) | 588,177 (76.6) | 48,456 (6.3) | 112,825 (14.7) | 175,352 | 794,372 | 1.70 | 0.443 |
| Â | No | 3,785,763 (94.2) | 175,906 (4.6) | 1,340,577 (35.4) | 1,054,205 (27.9) | 1,215,075 (32.1) | 3,353,968 | 4,216,355 | Â | Â |
Frequency of breakfast (per week) | 5 ~ 7 | 3,252,696 (71.4) | 161,656 (5.0) | 1,240,209 (38.1) | 869,139 (26.7) | 981,692 (30.2) | 2,872,280 | 3,633,111 | 18.12 | 0.010 |
|  | 3 ~ 4 | 532,146 (11.7) | 11,848 (2.2) | 164,888 (31.0) | 181,675 (34.2) | 173,735 (32.6) | 145,054 | 589,151 |  |  |
|  | 1 ~ 2 | 341,588 (7.5) | 20,854 (6.1) | 117,772 (34.5) | 56,594 (16.6) | 146,368 (42.8) | 169,676 | 372,298 |  |  |
| Â | Seldom | 427,239 (9.4) | 0 (0) | 55,883 (17.0) | 145,210 (29.2) | 236,146 (53.8) | 235,461 | 433,016 | Â | Â |
Frequency of lunch (per week) | 5 ~ 7 | 4,192,572 (92.1) | 269,804 (4.6) | 1,551,883 (36.6) | 1,053,765 (25.8) | 1,317,120 (33.0) | 3,256,234 | 4,208,908 | 23.34 | < 0.001 |
|  | 3 ~ 4 | 185,690 (4.0) | 10,194 (6.7) | 38,242 (25.0) | 96,508 (43.6) | 40,746 (24.7) | 105,566 | 199,814 |  |  |
|  | 1 ~ 2 | 54,030 (1.2) | 14,356 (26.9) | 7,630 (14.2) | 23,212 (43.5) | 8,832 (15.4) | 35,200 | 71,576 |  |  |
| Â | Seldom | 121,377 (2.7) | 0 (0) | 31,039 (25.6) | 59,133 (48.7) | 31,205 (25.7) | 94,018 | 148,728 | Â | Â |
Frequency of dinner (per week) | 5 ~ 7 | 3,821,995 (83.9) | 190,001 (5.0) | 1,360,701 (35.6) | 1,037,109 (27.1) | 1,234,184 (32.3) | 3,346,160 | 4,237,827 | 6.61 | 0.351 |
|  | 3 ~ 4 | 435,594 (9.6) | 0 (0) | 166,558 (38.2) | 128,168 (29.4) | 140,868 (32.4) | 87,089 | 478,099 |  |  |
|  | 1 ~ 2 | 147,714 (3.2) | 0 (0) | 7,737 (5.2) | 71,820 (48.6) | 68,157 (46.1) | 14,997 | 179,231 |  |  |
| Â | Seldom | 148,366 (3.3) | 4,357 (3.0) | 23,757 (16.0) | 66,161 (44.6) | 54,091 (36.4) | 15,997 | 180,645 | Â | Â |
Energy (kcal) |  | 1754.17 ± 30.92 | 1491.54 ± 123.21 | 1730.84 ± 31.69 | 1750.67 ± 42.34 | 1882.34 ± 64.98 | 1693.11 | 1815.22 | 56.74 | < 0.001 |
Carbohydrate (g) |  | 281.72 ± 3.89 | 263.04 ± 24.47 | 282.11 ± 4.85 | 276.60 ± 5.76 | 288.47 ± 6.46 | 274.05 | 289.40 | 72.46 | < 0.001 |
Protein (g) |  | 60.96 ± 1.35 | 47.43 ± 4.01 | 59.87 ± 1.23 | 61.77 ± 1.91 | 63.50 ± 2.96 | 58.29 | 63.63 | 45.12 | < 0.001 |
Fat (g) |  | 35.35 ± 1.04 | 26.57 ± 2.58 | 35.17 ± 1.50 | 36.64 ± 1.46 | 35.76 ± 2.16 | 33.30 | 37.39 | 34.03 | < 0.001 |
Fiber (g) |  | 27.67 ± 0.54 | 21.99 ± 0.51 | 29.48 ± 0.93 | 26.56 ± 0.66 | 27.48 ± 0.79 | 26.61 | 28.74 | 51.13 | < 0.001 |
Sodium (g) |  | 2976.58 ± 73.81 | 2048.69 ± 196.07 | 2916.78 ± 52.87 | 2979.73 ± 98.30 | 3179.23 ± 166.83 | 2830.81 | 3122.34 | 40.33 | < 0.001 |
Vitamin D (mg) |  | 3.07 ± 0.14 | 2.09 ± 0.32 | 2.57 ± 0.15 | 3.34 ± 0.33 | 3.54 ± 0.30 | 2.80 | 3.35 | 21.77 | < 0.001 |
Vitamin C (mg) |  | 64.41 ± 1.75 | 53.59 ± 4.99 | 78.44 ± 3.65 | 56.51 ±1 0.98 | 57.26 ± 0.07 | 60.96 | 67.85 | 36.88 | < 0.001 |