Fig. 1

Distribution of propensity scores before and after propensity score analysis. (A) The proportion of propensity score in the raw treated group (smoking patients); (B) The proportion of propensity score in the matched treated group; (C) The proportion of propensity score in the raw control group (non-smoking patients); (D) The proportion of propensity score in the matched control group; (E) Scatter plot for distribution of propensity scores before and after propensity score analysis