Figure 1

Experimental design, OC development, and mel treatment. (A) Timeline for EtOH intake selection, ovarian tumor induction, and mel therapy (days). (B) Basic protocol used for daily melatonin administration based on ZT and corresponding to the environmental circadian time. ZT 13: time point of melatonin administration; ZT 22: time point of euthanasia. (C) Cumulative incidence (%) of OC from 120 to 260 days of age in animals receiving EtOH or EtOH + DMBA. (D) Macroscopic and histopathological characteristics of the OC tissue in the ethanol-drinking animals. Mel therapy efficiently reduced the tumor size but exerted no effect on tissue morphology (tumor = left ovary, bar = 20 μm; sham = right ovary, bar = 50 μm). (E) The plasma mel levels (pg/mL) prior to treatment initiation (day 0) and after 30 and 60 days of treatment. (F) The tumor volume (mm3) was recorded throughout the treatments. aP < 0.05 vs. Group OC; bP < 0.05 vs. Group OC + EtOH.